Understanding Solutions and Suspensions
In our daily lives, we often encounter various forms of substances, whether in our kitchens, bathrooms, or even in our favorite beverages.
Two common categories that play significant roles in these substances are solutions and suspensions.
While they may seem similar at first glance, they possess unique characteristics that set them apart.
Acne is classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the type of lesions present, the number of affected areas, and the degree of inflammation. At its core, acne develops when excess sebum production, abnormal follicular keratinization, and bacterial overgrowth contribute to clogged pores and inflammation. Microcomedones form first, eventually evolving into visible blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, or deeper nodules. The severity category reflects how extensively these processes are occurring and how deeply inflammation extends into the skin.
Mild acne is typically characterized by mostly non-inflammatory lesions such as blackheads and whiteheads, with only occasional small pimples. In this stage, clogged pores are present but inflammation is limited. Oily skin, hormonal fluctuations, and comedogenic skincare or makeup products may contribute to persistent congestion. The skin barrier often remains relatively intact, although overwashing or aggressive exfoliation can worsen irritation and paradoxically increase breakouts. Because inflammation is minimal, the risk of scarring is generally low when lesions are managed appropriately.
Moderate acne involves a greater number of inflammatory lesions. In addition to blackheads and whiteheads, red papules and pus-filled pustules are more common and may affect larger areas of the face, chest, or back. Inflammation plays a more prominent role at this stage, as Cutibacterium acnes bacteria proliferate within blocked follicles and trigger immune responses. Hormonal influences, particularly androgens, may increase sebum production and contribute to more persistent flare-ups. Without consistent treatment, moderate acne can increase the likelihood of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and early scarring, especially in individuals prone to deeper inflammatory responses.
Severe acne is marked by numerous inflammatory lesions, including painful nodules or cyst-like lesions that extend deeper into the dermis. These lesions may coalesce, persist for weeks, and carry a higher risk of permanent scarring. At this stage, inflammation is significant and may be accompanied by tenderness and widespread involvement beyond the face. Genetic predisposition, strong hormonal drivers, and delayed or insufficient treatment may contribute to progression. Severe acne often requires medical supervision, as over-the-counter skincare ingredients alone are usually insufficient to control the depth and intensity of inflammation.
Treatment approaches differ according to severity. Mild acne may respond well to topical retinoids that normalize skin cell turnover and prevent clogged pores, along with salicylic acid to exfoliate within pores or benzoyl peroxide to reduce acne-causing bacteria. Niacinamide may support the skin barrier and help calm redness. Moderate acne often requires combination therapy, such as a prescription retinoid paired with benzoyl peroxide or topical antibiotics, under professional guidance. Severe acne may require systemic therapies, including oral medications, to address inflammation and hormonal influences more comprehensively. Dermatologists tailor treatment plans based on lesion type, distribution, skin sensitivity, and risk of scarring.
It is important to recognize that acne severity can change over time. Stress, hormonal shifts, climate, skincare habits, and cosmetic products can all influence breakouts. Early and consistent treatment may help prevent progression from mild to more severe forms. While acne can be effectively managed in many individuals, improvement takes time because treatments must interrupt the underlying cycle of clogged pores and inflammation.
Anyone experiencing persistent, painful, or scarring acne should consider consulting a qualified healthcare professional for evaluation. Proper classification of acne severity allows for a more targeted and evidence-informed treatment plan, supporting clearer skin while minimizing long-term complications.
