The physics of levers and pulleys may seem like a topic reserved for classrooms and textbooks, but the principles behind these simple machines permeate our daily lives in ways we often overlook.
Understanding these fundamental concepts can not only enrich our appreciation for the world around us but also inspire a sense of wonder about how we interact with our environment.
At the heart of the lever is a simple yet profound idea: a small effort can produce a larger effect.
Closed comedones on the cheeks develop when hair follicles become obstructed by a combination of excess sebum and retained keratinocytes. In acne-prone skin, abnormal follicular keratinization causes dead skin cells to shed unevenly and accumulate within the pore. When this material mixes with oil, it forms a plug beneath the surface of the skin. Because the pore opening remains narrow and covered, the contents are not exposed to air, so the lesion appears as a small, flesh-colored or slightly white bump rather than a dark blackhead. These non-inflammatory clogged pores are often referred to as whiteheads, although true whiteheads may sometimes show a visible central point.
The cheeks can be particularly susceptible due to several contributing factors. Sebaceous glands in this area can produce sufficient oil to support comedone formation, especially during hormonal fluctuations influenced by androgens. Friction from pillowcases, phone screens, face masks, or hands resting against the face may contribute to mechanical irritation and micro-occlusion. Skincare and cosmetic products, particularly those with heavier emollients or occlusive ingredients, can mix with sebum and increase pore congestion. In individuals with oily skin or a genetic tendency toward acne, even mild product buildup may perpetuate cycles of microcomedone formation.
Although closed comedones are not primarily inflammatory, they can become inflamed if the follicle wall ruptures or if Cutibacterium acnes proliferates within the trapped material. This progression may transform a non-inflammatory lesion into a red papule or pustule. For this reason, early management focused on normalizing skin cell turnover is often emphasized in comedonal acne.
Topical retinoids are commonly recommended because they regulate keratinocyte behavior and help prevent the formation of new microcomedones. Over-the-counter retinol may benefit mild cases, while prescription retinoids are often used when lesions are persistent. Salicylic acid, as a lipid-soluble exfoliant, can penetrate into pores and assist in loosening compacted debris. Benzoyl peroxide may be introduced if inflammatory lesions begin to appear, and niacinamide may help support the skin barrier and reduce redness associated with irritation.
Gentle cleansing and consistent moisturization are important, as over-exfoliation can disrupt the skin barrier and paradoxically increase oil production or sensitivity. Non-comedogenic sunscreens and makeup formulations may reduce the likelihood of additional pore blockage. Because closed comedones often develop gradually, improvement also tends to occur gradually, typically over several weeks of consistent treatment.
If closed comedones on the cheeks persist despite appropriate over-the-counter skincare, or if they frequently evolve into inflamed acne, consultation with a qualified dermatologist may help identify contributing factors and determine whether prescription therapies are appropriate. Understanding the role of clogged pores and regulated cell turnover supports a targeted, evidence-informed approach to managing this common form of acne.
